Honey

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Millions of bees produce honey

Around 17,500 apiculturists in Switzerland maintain approximately 165,000 bee colonies for the production of honey. A basic distinction is drawn between blossom honey and forest honey. Whereas blossom honey originates from flower nectar, forest honey is composed of sugary plant sap. This so-called honeydew is excreted by sap-sucking insects and is then harvested by bees.

Multifloral honey varieties stemming from a number of different plants are typical in Switzerland. Honey that predominantly originates from a single source is called monofloral honey, such as linden honey or chestnut honey, for example.

The quantity of honey that a bee colony produces per annum depends on the weather and thus varies greatly from year to year. The annual honey yield per colony amounts to around 20 kilograms on average.

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Why honey is sweet

Why does honey taste so sweet? Honey primarily comprises sugar – fruit sugar (fructose) and dextrose (glucose). Depending on the variety of honey, the two sugar types are found in different proportions. The only other component of honey is water. In Switzerland, the share of the latter may not exceed a maximum of 20%. A value that is slightly lower still is deemed optimal. As honey does not contain a lot of water, it is practically non-perishable when stored correctly. Ideally, honey should be stored in a dark and cool place so that it retains its properties.

Propolis – a remedy directly from the beehive

Propolis is a resinous substance that bees use to cover openings. It also serves as a means of defence against fungi and bacteria. This is because propolis has antibiotic, antiviral and antifungal properties. Some beekeepers harvest this substance. The resulting products, including ointments and capsules, are used to treat skin irritations and inflammation or as a means of preventing infections. Propolis is also used in care products.

Royal jelly

Royal jelly is used by bees to raise their queens. Specialised beekeepers harvest this jelly. In Switzerland, however, it is not produced on a commercial basis. Royal jelly is used in food supplements and cosmetic products, among other things. This royal product is also used as a natural remedy.

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